More on FLASH memory

The difference between NAND and NOR flash memory

From: http://www.writingonyourpalm.net/column021209.htm

by Jeff 9 December 2002 Older and higher-priced Pocket PCs use NOR flash memory to store the OS. This is more expensive than NAND memory, and slower to write, but it does have one significant advantage. It has a wide data pipe that allows the device to run the OS and applications directly from flash, called "executing in place," or XIP. This is why a 64MB Pocket PC like the Toshiba e335 (which uses NOR memory) has nearly 64MB free after a hard reset. The OS itself is running, but it's running directly from flash.

NAND memory uses a serial pipe for data and can't support XIP. When a device using NAND memory starts up, it has to copy the OS and core apps into RAM and execute them from there. This is exactly the way PCs work, copying the OS from the hard drive to RAM before running it, and it's the reason you need both a hard drive and system RAM on a PC, rather than just one giant flash drive. NAND memory is significantly cheaper than NOR memory, though, and figures to be a popular choice in low-end Pocket PCs as a way to keep the price low and still make a profit on the device.


MMC MultiMedia cards

Size

Physically 32mm x 24mm x 1.4mm and weighing 2 grams, MMC cards come in data capacities of 64MB [12.99 GBP, 1X, dabs.co.uk] 128MB [11.92 GBP, 1X, dabs.c.uk]

Speed

The system for measuring the data transfer to/from the card is the same at the speed ratings for CD readers, where 1X means 150 Kbytes/sec and so on.

Secure Digital cards

Size

Physically the same size as MMC, SD cards may have a "write-protect" switch to prevent accidental erasure of the data. Data capacities are 64MB [9.59 GBP, 1X, dabs.co.uk], 128MB [11.40 GBP, 1X, dabs.co.uk], 256MB [20.75 GBP, 1X, dabs.co.uk], 512MB [27.61 GBP, 1X, dabs.co.uk], 1GB [53.06 GBP, dabs.co.uk / 100 USD, compusa.com]

Speed

Other Flash cards

"Smart Media" cards, also known as "solid-state floppy-disk card (SSFDC)" are 45mm x 37mm x less than < 1 mm, and store from 2MB to 128 MB.

"Compact Flash" cards are 43mm x 36mm. "Type I" are 3.3mm thick, while "Type II" are 5.5mm thick. Each card contains a controller chip as well as the memory itself.

See: How Flash Memory Works